微服务入门（SpringCloud Alibaba）

1.新建Maven父工程 cloud2021

父工程完整pom文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zou.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud2021</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <modules>
        <module>cloud-provider-payment8001</module>
        <module>cloud-consumer-order80</module>
        <module>cloud-api-commons</module>
    </modules>

    <packaging>pom</packaging>

    <!--统一管理jar包版本-->
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47</mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16</druid.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    </properties>

    <!--子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子module不用groupId和version-->
    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>${mysql.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
                <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
                <version>${druid.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
                <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                <version>${lombok.version}</version>
                <optional>true</optional>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <fork>true</fork>
                    <addResources>true</addResources>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2. 建立支付module: cloud-provider-payment8001

项目完整结构：

2.1 cloud-provider-payment8001子模块的pom.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2021</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zou.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-provider-payment8001</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zou.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-connector-java-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

2.2 application.yml

server:
  port: 8001

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-provider-service
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource      #当前数据源操作类型
    driver-class-name: org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver        #mysql驱动包
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2021?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding-utr-8&useSSL=false&serverTimeZone=GMT
    username: root
    password: zou0505.
    druid:
      # 默认 true 为 true 时 validationQuery 必须设为非空字符串
      # 申请连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效，做了这个配置会降低性能。
      test-on-borrow: false
      # 默认 false 为 true 时 validationQuery 必须设为非空字符串
      # 【建议】配置为true，不影响性能，并且保证安全性。申请连接的时候检测，
      # 如果空闲时间大于timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis，执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效。
      test-while-idle: true
      # 默认 true 为 true 时 validationQuery 必须设为非空字符串
      # 归还连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效，做了这个配置会降低性能。
      test-on-return: false
      # 用来检测连接是否有效的sql，要求是一个查询语句，常用select 'x'。如果validationQuery为null，
      # testOnBorrow、testOnReturn、testWhileIdle都不会起作用。
      validation-query: select 1

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  type-aliases-package: com.zou.springcloud.entities       #所有Entity别名类所在包

2.3 主启动类 PaymentMain8001

package com.zou.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/17 14:27
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

2.4 数据库

建库建表：

/*
SQLyog Ultimate v12.09 (64 bit)
MySQL - 8.0.25 : Database - db2021
*********************************************************************
*/


/*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=''*/;

/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
CREATE DATABASE /*!32312 IF NOT EXISTS*/`db2021` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 */ /*!80016 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION='N' */;

USE `db2021`;

/*Table structure for table `payment` */

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `payment`;

CREATE TABLE `payment` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb3;

/*Data for the table `payment` */

/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;

2.5 业务类

PaymentDao：

package com.zou.springcloud.dao;

import com.zou.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/17 16:13
 */
@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {

    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

PaymentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.zou.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">
    <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
        insert into payment(serial)
        values (#{serial})
    </insert>

    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.zou.springcloud.entities.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <result column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Long" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
        select *
        from payment
        where id = #{id};
    </select>
</mapper>

PaymentService

package com.zou.springcloud.service;

import com.zou.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/17 16:33
 */
public interface PaymentService {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(@Param("id") Long id);
}

PaymentServiceImpl

package com.zou.springcloud.service.impl;

import com.zou.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao;
import com.zou.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.zou.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/17 16:34
 */
@Service
public class PaymentServiceImpl implements PaymentService {

    @Resource
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;

    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}

PaymentController

package com.zou.springcloud.controller;

import com.zou.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.zou.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import com.zou.springcloud.service.PaymentService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/17 16:38
 */
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class PaymentController {
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping("/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("******插入结果：" + result);

        if (result > 0) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "插入数据库成功", result);
        }
        return new CommonResult(555, "插入数据库失败", null);
    }

    @GetMapping("/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("******查询结果：" + payment);

        if (payment != null) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment);
        }
        return new CommonResult(555, "没有对应记录，查询id：" + id, null);
    }
}

3. 建立消费者订单module:

3.1 cloud-consumer-order80子模块的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2021</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zou.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-consumer-order80</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <!--引入自己定义的api通用包，可以使用Payment支付Entity-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.zou.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3.2 application.yml

server:
  port: 80

3.3 主启动

package com.zou.springcloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/20 18:47
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class OrderMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderMain80.class, args);
    }
}

3.4业务类

订单也需要Payment、CommonResult实体类，但是不需要操作数据库，没有Service、Dao，只需添加Controller即可。

首说RestTemplate： RestTemplate提供了多种便捷访问远程Http服务的方法，是一种简单便捷的访问restful服务模板类，是Spring提供的用于访问Rest服务的客户端模板工具集，实现80到8001的远程调用。
官网地址：
https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/5.2.2.RELEASE/javadoc-api/org/springframework/web/client/RestTemplate.html
使用：
使用restTemplate访问restful接口非常的简单粗暴，（url、requestMap、ResponseBean.class）这三个参数分别代表REST请求地址、请求参数、HTTP响应转换被转换成的对象类型。

将RestTemplate对象注册到容器中
ApplicationContextConfig：

package com.zou.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/20 18:59
 */
@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

OrderController：

package com.zou.springcloud.controller;

import com.zou.springcloud.entities.CommonResult;
import com.zou.springcloud.entities.Payment;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/20 18:54
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    public static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Resource
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consume/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(Payment payment) {
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class);
    }

    @GetMapping("/consume/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class);
    }
}

4. 工程重构

4.1 建立公共module

4.2 cloud-api-commons子模块的pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>cloud2021</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.zou.springcloud</groupId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

4.3 在entities包下新建CommonResult和Payment类

package com.zou.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/20 18:54
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
        this(code, message, null);
    }
}

package com.zou.springcloud.entities;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

/**
 * @author: 邹祥发
 * @date: 2021/7/20 18:50
 */
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Payment{
    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}

4.4 使用Maven打包发布上传到公用本地库里

打开Maven窗口，执行clean测试一下，无误后出现BUILD SUCCESS，然后执行install

5.启动80、8001服务，测试：

80服务调用8001服务，实现效果如下：

添加：

查看数据库信息：

查询：